Consistent, clean voltage is essential when charging the battery or maintaining battery charge while coding or programming control modules. A transformer-based battery charger is inadequate for this task. BMW recommends the use of a vehicle power supply instead of a battery charger. A power supply is a constant voltage, high-amperage power station with electronically controlled functions. It insures clean DC voltage and eliminates AC. It also provides fast, efficient and safe battery charging. Once proper battery voltage is obtained, the power supply floats the charge to maintain that voltage. Power supply units from different manufacturers are illustrated on this page. If using a power supply, recharge battery without removing it. Otherwise, remove the battery from the trunk or cargo compartment during charging. Prolonged charging with a conventional charger can cause battery electrolyte evaporation to a level that can damage. It is best to use a low-current charger (6 amperes or less) to prevent battery damage caused by overheating. Caution-Battery electrolyte (sulfuric acid) can damage the car. If electrolyte is spilled, clean the area with a solution of baking soda and water. Allow a frozen battery to thaw before attempting to recharge it. Do not exceed 16.5 charging voltage at the battery.