The Coolant Temperature Sensor of a BMW 335i provides a digital thermometer that will tell the computer in the engine how warm the coolant really is so the car can fine-tune fuel, spark and fan operation. Concealed within a coolant passage, the Coolant Temperature Sensor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, which means that as the temperature rises, the electrical resistance drops. A steady five-volt signal is sent into the Coolant Temperature Sensor from the engine control module, which reads the return voltage. The control module essentially translates the resistance measured to precision temperature data. Earlier models of the 335i made use of a simpler coolant switch that merely opened or shut when the preset temperature was reached. It was only appropriate for on-off tasks, for example, cold start fuel heaters and more. Later cars standardized the continuously variable Coolant Temperature Sensor so the computer could smoothly adjust injector pulse width, idle speed, EGR, purge valves and torque converter lockup. All BMW 335i cars built after the switch era have a single Coolant Temperature Sensor, which feeds the dashboard gauge as well. No matter the model year, all 335i vehicles utilize relays to manage high current draw devices like the radiator fan. This design prevents overloads and ensures instantaneous relay response when the Coolant Temperature Sensor signals increased temperature. Thanks to real-time feedback, the BMW engine remains efficient, powerful, well-protected and reliable.
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